Steel 45

Designation

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	45
Designation GOST Latin	45
Transliteration	45
By chemical elements	45

Description

45 steel is used: for the manufacture of shaft-gear, crankshaft and camshafts, gears, spindles, tires, cylinders, Cams, and other normalized, and improve poverhnosti subjected to the heat treatment of the part that requires increased durability; shaft, extension shaft and disc thrust bearings for hydro generators; parts of pipeline valves after quenching and tempering; seamless tubes for the manufacture of parts and structures in motovelotehnika; solid-rolled rings for different purposes; the wire used for the manufacture of spokes of motorcycles and bicycles; remisol heat-treated tin-plated wire, designed for the manufacture of galev to reminyl devices looms.

Note

The degree of deoxidation — SP.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Bars and shapes	В32	GOST 1050-88, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 10702-78, GOST 14955-77, GOST 1050-2013, OST 1 92049-76, TU 14-1-5414-2001, TU 3-168-82, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-1-2330-77, TU 14-1-2898-80, TU 14-1-3651-83, TU 14-1-4049-85, TU 14-1-495-73, TU 14-178-181-89, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-2381-78, TU 14-1-1271-75, TU 14-136-367-2008
Sheets and strips	В33	GOST 1577-93, TU 14-1-197-72, TU 14-125-661-93, TU 14-1-2579-78, TU 14-132-181-90, TU 14-1-4219-87, TU 14-1-4516-88, TU 14-1-5036-91, TU 14-2-268-77, TU 114-125-661-93
Tape	В34	GOST 2284-79, TU 14-4-527-74
Steel wire medium and high carbon	В72	GOST 3110-74, GOST 3920-70, GOST 7372-79, GOST 9161-85, GOST 9389-75, GOST 9850-72, GOST 17305-91, GOST 26366-84
Steel pipes and fittings to them	В62	GOST 3262-75, GOST 8639-82, GOST 8642-68, GOST 8644-68, GOST 8645-68, GOST 8646-68, GOST 8732-78, GOST 8734-75, GOST 9567-75, GOST 12132-66, GOST 13663-86, GOST 20295-85, GOST 21729-76, GOST 23270-89, GOST 24950-81, GOST 8733-87, GOST 8731-87, GOST 13664-68, GOST Р 53383-2009, TU 14-3-1428-86, TU 14-3-1444-86, TU 14-3-1473-87, TU 14-3-675-78, TU 14-3-463-2005, TU 14-3-473-76, TU 14-159-246-94, TU 14-3Р-51-2001, TU 14-3Р-50-2001, TU 14-3-1654-89
Tape	В24	GOST 3560-73
Bars and shapes	В22	GOST 5422-73, GOST 8239-89, GOST 8240-97, GOST 8278-83, GOST 8281-80, GOST 8282-83, GOST 8283-93, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 8319.2-75, GOST 8319.5-75, GOST 8319.6-75, GOST 8319.8-75, GOST 8319.11-75, GOST 8319.12-75, GOST 8320.0-83, GOST 8509-93, GOST 8510-86, GOST 9234-74, GOST 11474-76, GOST 12492.8-90, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006, OST 5.9087-84, TU 14-1-788-73
Low carbon steel wire	В71	GOST 5663-79
Sheets and strips	В23	GOST 82-70, GOST 14918-80, GOST 16523-97, GOST 19903-74, GOST 16523-89, GOST 16523-70, GOST 103-2006, GOST 19903-90, TU 14-1-1934-76, TU 14-1-4632-93
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings	В03	GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, TU 108-11-910-87, TU 108.11.399-87, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В31	OST 3-1686-90, TU 108.11.890-87, TU 14-1-4944-90, TU 14-1-4992-91, TU 1-92-156-90
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	ST ЦКБА 026-2005

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu	N	As
GOST 1050-88	0.42-0.5	≤0.04	≤0.035	0.5-0.8	≤0.25	0.17-0.37	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.006	≤0.08
GOST 10702-78	0.42-0.5	≤0.04	≤0.035	≤0.6	≤0.25	≤0.2	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.006	≤0.08
GOST 21729-76	0.42-0.5	≤0.04	≤0.035	0.5-0.8	≤0.25	0.17-0.37	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.006	≤0.08

Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 1050-88, the nitrogen content is specified for the steel of the oxygen-converter method of smelting. For all other types of smelting, the nitrogen content was N ≤ 0.008%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	t отпуска, °C	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	d₄	d	y, %	KCU, kJ/m²	HB, MPa
Wire for cold heading as supplied by GOST 5663-79
-	-	-	560-710	-	-	-	≥55	-	-
-	-	-	≤740	-	-	-	≥40	-	-
Hot-rolled steel and hot rolled with special surface finish
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≤229
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≤170
Steel calibrated and calibrated with special surface finish
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≤241
-	-	-	≤590	-	-	-	≥40	-	≤207
Tubes seamless cold - and hot-deformed in the delivery condition heat-treated (NV - wall > 10 mm)
	-	≥323	≥588	≥14	-	-	-	-	≤207
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.1-4.0 mm in the delivery state according to GOST 2284-79
-	-	-	690-1030	-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	440-690	-	≥14	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	440-600	-	≥14	-	-	-	-
Ring forged in OST 1 92049-76. Normalization
25	-	≥335	≥570	≥12	-	-	≥32	≥363	-
Pipe seamless cold drawn, cold rolled and toplocatie, heat-treated in the delivery condition according to GOST 21729-76
	-	-	≥588	≥14	-	-	-	-	-
Forgings. Hardening + Vacation
300-500	-	≥275	≥530	≥15	-	-	≥29	-	156-197
Forgings. Normalization
100-300	-	≥245	≥470	≥19	-	-	≥42	-	143-179
300-500	-	≥245	≥470	≥17	-	-	≥35	-	143-179
500-800	-	≥245	≥470	≥15	-	-	≥30	-	143-179
100-300	-	≥275	≥530	≥17	-	-	≥34	-	156-197
100	-	≥275	≥530	≥20	-	-	≥44	-	156-197
Hot-rolled sheet in the delivery condition. Group strength К490В
≤2	-	-	490-720	-	≥12	-	-	-	-
2-3.9	-	-	490-720	-	≥13	-	-	-	-
Cold-rolled sheet in the delivery condition. Group strength К490В
≤2	-	-	490-720	-	≥13	-	-	-	-
2-3.9	-	-	490-720	-	≥14	-	-	-	-
Without heat treatment - delivery condition
≤80	-	-	≥590	≥18	-	-	-	-	-
6-25	-	-	≥600	≥16	-	-	≥40	-	-
Procurement of parts of pipeline fittings from rolled and stamped. Quenching in water from 830-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the subsequent vacation
120	560-600	≥440	≥676	≥17	-	-	≥40	≥481	197-235
40	350-400	≥785	≥930	≥12	-	-	≥40	≥481	293-331
50	540-560	≥540	≥785	≥10	-	-	≥40	≥481	223-262
Bars grooved and g/K. Without heat treatment - as supplied
≤60	-	≥315	590-830	≥13	-	-	≥40	-	≤170
Tubes profile hot - and cold-rolling or heat-treated after heating as supplied according to GOST 13663-86
	-	≥323	≥549	≥14	-	-	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation at 550 °C. the Samples were cut out from the center of the workpiece
15-30	-	≥540	≥730	≥15	-	-	≥45	≥765	-
30-75	-	≥440	≥690	≥14	-	-	≥40	≥579	-
75-100	-	≥440	≥690	≥13	-	-	≥40	≥481	-
15	-	≥640	≥780	≥16	-	-	≥50	≥961	-
Steel, hot-rolled, forged, calibrated and silverfish 2nd category. Normalization
≤25	-	-	≥600	≥16	-	-	≥40	-	-
Steel grooved 5 category nagarebana
-	-	-	≥640	≥6	-	-	≥30	-	-
Forgings. Normalization at 840-860 °C
-	-	≥355	≥600	≥16	-	-	≥40	≥490	187-229
Forgings. Normalizing + tempering + vacation
100-300	-	≥315	≥570	≥14	-	-	≥34	-	167-207
300-500	-	≥315	≥570	≥12	-	-	≥29	-	167-207
100	-	≥315	≥570	≥17	-	-	≥39	-	167-207
100-300	-	≥345	≥590	≥17	-	-	≥54	-	174-217
100	-	≥345	≥590	≥18	-	-	≥59	-	174-217
100	-	≥395	≥620	≥17	-	-	≥59	-	187-229
Workpiece diameter 60 mm. Quenching in water 840 °C + Vacation
-	400	520-590	730-840	12-14	-	-	46-50	-	202-234
-	500	470-520	680-770	14-16	-	-	52-58	-	185-210
-	600	410-440	610-680	18-20	-	-	61-64	-	168-190
Samples with a diameter of 15 mm. Quenching in water from 850 °C + Vacation
-	450	≥830	≥980	≥10	-	-	≥40	-	-
-	500	≥730	≥830	≥12	-	-	≥45	-	-
-	550	≥640	≥780	≥16	-	-	≥50	-	-
-	600	≥590	≥730	≥25	-	-	≥55	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm, forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥140	≥170	≥43	-	-	≥96	-	-
-	-	≥64	≥110	≥58	-	-	≥98	-	-
-	-	≥54	≥76	≥62	-	-	≥100	-	-
-	-	≥34	≥50	≥72	-	-	≥100	-	-
-	-	≥22	≥34	≥81	-	-	≥100	-	-
-	-	≥15	≥27	≥90	-	-	≥100	-	-
Rolled steel. Normalization
-	-	≥340	≥690	-	-	≥10	≥36	-	-
-	-	≥255	≥710	-	-	≥22	≥44	-	-
-	-	≥225	≥560	-	-	≥21	≥65	-	-
-	-	≥175	≥370	-	-	≥23	≥67	-	-
-	-	≥78	≥215	-	-	≥33	≥90	-	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
d₄	Elongation after rupture
d	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
KCU	Toughness
HB	Brinell hardness number

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
200	193	-	7769	47	127	498
300	190	69	7735	44	134	515
600	-	-	7625	36	149	578
700	-	-	7587	31	149	611
800	-	-	7595	27	-	720
1100	-	-	-	-	-	708

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
G	Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity
a	The coefficient of linear expansion
С	Specific heat

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	Difficult weldability. Welding methods: RDS and CBS. Necessary preheating and subsequent heat treatment.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости	Tend not.
The temperature of forging	Start - 1250 °C, end - 700 °C. the cross Sections up to 400 mm are cooled in air.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity	Insensitive.
Machinability	In hot rolled state at NV 170-179 and blower SB=640 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=1,0 Kn b.St.=1,0.
Surfacing	Surfacing of sealing surfaces of valves in accordance with OST 26-07-2028-81 is made by manual arc welding electrodes type e-20X13 with plaster SSSI-13НЖ, NII-48, NII-48Ж-1 or SV wire-12H13 or SV-20X13. Surface preparation for overlay welding is performed by machining. Surfacing is performed with preliminary and accompanying heating to 400-450 °C is not less than 3 layers with thickness not less than 4 mm, excluding allowance for machining. Heat treatment after welding is produced by tempering at 550-600 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=301-350, at 600-650 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=240 to 300, at 400-450 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=351-400. The temperature of the furnace when loading the details for the home should be no more than 300 °C.