Steel 20X13 (02Х13)

Designation

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	20Х13
Designation GOST Latin	20X13
Transliteration	20H13
By chemical elements	20Cr13

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	02Х13
Designation GOST Latin	02X13
Transliteration	02H13
By chemical elements	02Cr13

Description

20X13 steel is used: for the manufacture of steam turbine blades operating at temperatures up to +580°C, valves, bolts and pipes; parts with high ductility, load and operating at temperatures up to 450−500 °C; products exposed to slightly aggressive media at room temperature; solid-rolled rings for different purposes; different parts of aviation (carburetor needles, bushings, gears, aircraft instruments, parts of instrument direct fuel injection and vane compressors, heat treated for hardness HRC<35. At higher hardness blades of the compressor are destroyed by stress corrosion) of electrodes type e-20X13 intended for manual arc surfacing of sealing surfaces of pipe fittings of carbon steel according to GOST 380 and GOST 1050 and casting of steels 20L, 25L, 20ГМЛ for OST 26-07-402.

Note

Chromium corrosion resistant steel, heat-resistant martensitic class.
The greatest corrosion resistance is achieved after heat treatment (quenching and tempering), and polishing. The recommended maximum operating temperature for a long time — up to 500 °C.
Temperature intense scaling in air +750 °C.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Sheets and strips	В23	GOST 103-2006
Bars and shapes	В22	GOST 1133-71, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Wire, steel, alloy	В73	GOST 18143-72
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings	В03	GOST 25054-81, OST 5Р.9125-84, OST 26-01-135-81, TU 0306.018-80, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Sheets and strips	В33	GOST 4405-75, GOST 5582-75, GOST 7350-77, TU 14-1-2186-77, TU 14-1-2476-78, TU 14-1-3620-83, TU 14-1-394-72
Tape	В34	GOST 4986-79, OST 5.9093-72
Classification, nomenclature and General rules	В30	GOST 5632-72
Bars and shapes	В32	GOST 5949-75, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 14955-77, GOST 18907-73, GOST 18968-73, GOST 19442-74, OST 1 92049-76, TU 108.11-927-87, TU 14-1-1404-75, TU 14-1-2972-80, TU 14-131-804-90, TU 14-1-3564-83, TU 14-1-377-72, TU 14-1-3957-85, TU 14-1-5038-91, TU 14-1-655-73, TU 14-1-95-71, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-1271-75
Classification, nomenclature and General rules	В20	OST 1 90005-91
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В21	OST 1 90176-75
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В31	OST 108.020.03-82, OST 3-1686-90, OST 95-10-72, TU 14-1-565-84
Welding and cutting metals. Soldering, riveting	В05	OST 26-07-2028-81
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	STP 26.260.484-2004, ST ЦКБА 016-2005

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu	V	Ti	Mo	W
TU 14-1-1404-75	0.16-0.25	≤0.025	≤0.03	≤0.5	12-14	≤0.6	≤0.6	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.2	≤0.2	≤0.3	≤0.2
TU 14-1-2476-78	0.16-0.25	≤0.025	≤0.03	≤0.8	12-14	≤0.8	≤0.6	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.2	≤0.2	≤0.3	≤0.2
TU 14-1-2186-77	0.16-0.24	≤0.025	≤0.03	≤0.6	12-14	≤0.6	≤0.5	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.2	≤0.2	≤0.3	≤0.2

Fe is the basis.
According to TU 14-1-1404-75 the chemical composition is given for the brand 20Х13-Ш.
According to TU 14-1-2186-77 for steel smelted with electroslag remelting the content of S ≤ 0.015%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	t отпуска, °C	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	d₄	d	y, %	KCU, kJ/m²	HB, MPa	HRC
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	200	≥1300	≥1600	≥13	-	-	≥50	≥810	-	≥46
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Laminated. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min, strain rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥59	≥70	≥51	-	-	≥98	-	-	-
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥420	≥670	≥23	-	-	≥65	-	-	-
Gradation of performance properties of the finished heat-treated parts for OST 1 90005-91
-	-	-	690-880	-	-	-	-	-	212-262	19-27
Section of 14 mm. Hardening in air 1050 °C + Vacation at 600 °C
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≥710	-	-
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	300	≥1270	≥1460	≥14	-	-	≥57	≥980	-	≥42
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥500	≥690	≥20	-	-	≥62	-	-	-
Gradation of performance properties of the finished heat-treated parts for OST 1 90005-91
-	-	-	830-1030	-	-	-	-	-	248-302	21-33
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Laminated. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min, strain rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	-	-	≥43	-	-	-	-	-	-
Section of 14 mm. Hardening in air 1050 °C + Vacation at 600 °C
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≥810	-	-
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	450	≥1330	≥1510	≥15	-	-	≥57	≥710	-	≥45
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥450	≥690	≥26	-	-	≥65	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Laminated. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min, strain rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	-	-	≥56	-	-	-	-	-	-
Section of 14 mm. Hardening in air 1050 °C + Vacation at 600 °C
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	≥640	-	-
Gradation of performance properties of the finished heat-treated parts for OST 1 90005-91
-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	38-49
Billet (forgings) OST 95-10-72. Quenching in oil or air from 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, cooling in oil or air (sample)
≤200	230-370	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	40-48
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	500	≥1300	≥1510	≥19	-	-	≥54	≥750	-	≥46
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Laminated. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min, strain rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥39	≥61	≥59	-	-	-	-	-	-
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥440	≥660	≥24	-	-	≥63	-	-	-
The cross section of 25 mm. Normalization at 1000 °C, cooling in air + Vacation at 680-750 °C
-	-	≥540	≥700	≥21	-	-	≥62	≥760	-	-
Billet (forgings) OST 95-10-72. Quenching in oil or air from 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, cooling in oil or air (sample)
≤200	680-770	≥441	≥637	≥16	-	-	≥50	≥686	196-248	-
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	600	≥920	≥1020	≥14	-	-	≥60	≥710	-	≥29
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Laminated. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min, strain rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥21	≥31	≥84	-	-	≥100	-	-	-
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥380	≥630	≥23	-	-	≥63	-	-	-
The cross section of 25 mm. Normalization at 1000 °C, cooling in air + Vacation at 680-750 °C
-	-	≥560	≥730	≥22	-	-	≥59	≥540	-	-
Billet (forgings) OST 95-10-72. Quenching in oil or air from 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, cooling in oil or air (sample)
≤200	600-680	≥588	≥785	≥12	-	-	≥45	≥588	217-255	22-30
Billets with a cross section of 14 mm. Hardening in air from 1050 °C + Vacation
-	700	≥650	≥78	≥18	-	-	≥64	≥1020	-	≥20
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥510	≥710	≥21	-	-	≥66	64-171	-	-
Normalization at 1000-1020 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 730-750 °C, air cooling (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
-	-	≥450	≥660	≥21	-	-	≥60	-	-	-
The cross section of 25 mm. Normalization at 1000 °C, cooling in air + Vacation at 680-750 °C
-	-	≥580	≥770	≥23	-	-	≥57	≥490	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
≤60	280-370	1078-1274	1274-1470	3-8	-	-	-	98-392	350-400	39.6-44.5
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥390	≥540	≥18	-	-	≥66	≥196	-	-
The cross section of 25 mm. Normalization at 1000 °C, cooling in air + Vacation at 680-750 °C
-	-	≥570	≥810	≥24	-	-	≥57	≥410	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
≤60	600-670	≥686	≥882	≥10	-	-	≥40	≥392	269-310	29-36
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥390	≥520	≥17	-	-	≥59	≥196	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
≤60	650-700	≥539	≥784	≥12	-	-	≥45	≥588	235-269	23.5-29
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥370	≥480	≥18	-	-	≥57	≥235	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
≤60	700-770	≥441	≥647	≥16	-	-	≥55	≥784	197-248	-
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥350	≥430	≥33	-	-	≥75	≥245	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
100	700-770	≥441	≥647	≥15	-	-	≥50	≥735	197-248	-
Rolled steel. Normalization of 1000-1020 °C + Vacation 730-750 °C. At 20 °C NV=187-217
-	-	≥275	≥340	≥37	-	-	≥83	≥216	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
300	700-770	≥441	≥647	≥13	-	-	≥45	≥490	197-248	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79. Annealing or vacation at 740-800 °C (samples)
0.2-2	-	-	≥490	-	≥16	-	-	-	-	-
0.2	-	-	≥490	-	≥8	-	-	-	-	-
Hot rolled sheet (of 1.5-3.9 mm) and cold rolled (0,7-3,9 mm) steel according to GOST 5582-75. Annealing or vacation at 740-800 °C
-	-	-	≥490	≥20	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hot rolled sheet (4,0-50,0 mm) and cold rolled (4,0-5,0 mm) steel according to GOST 7350-77. Annealing in air from 1000-1050 °C + Vacation 680-780 °C, air cooling or furnace
-	-	≥375	≥510	≥20	-	-	-	-	-	-
Forgings. Without heat treatment
100-200	-	≥400	≥630	≥16	-	-	≥42	-	-	-
200-400	-	≥400	≥630	≥14	-	-	≥40	-	-	-
400-1000	-	≥400	≥630	≥14	-	-	≥40	-	-	-
100	-	≥400	≥630	≥17	-	-	≥45	-	-	-
Forgings. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation at 630-650 °C, air cooling
≤60	-	≥540	≥687	≥15	-	-	≥50	≥589	217-269	-
60-100	-	≥540	≥687	≥14	-	-	≥45	≥540	217-269	-
Forgings. Annealing in air or in oil with 1000-1050 °C to + Leave in 660-770 °C, cooling in air, water or oil
≤60	-	≥441	≥647	≥16	-	-	≥55	≥785	197-229	-
100-300	-	≥441	≥647	≥13	-	-	≥45	≥490	197-229	-
1000	-	≥441	≥588	≥14	-	-	≥40	≥383	-	-
60-100	-	≥441	≥647	≥15	-	-	≥50	≥736	197-229	-
Wire in the delivery state according to GOST 18143-72 (elongation, % at rated sample length of 100 mm is specified for the wire of the 1st class in brackets are for 2nd class)
1-6	-	-	540-780	-	-	≥20 (≥14)	-	-	-	-
1-6	-	-	980-1320	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Wire in the delivery state. Annealing or vacation at 740-800 °C
1-6	-	-	490-780	-	≥14	-	-	-	-	-
Bars and strip hot rolled and forged GOST 18968-73. Normalization or annealing at 1000-1050 °C, cooling in air or in oil + Leave in 660-770 °C, air cooling
	-	490-655	≥670	≥18	-	-	≥50	≥686	207-241	-
Bars processed on a given strength (TS) according to GOST 18907-73
≥5	-	-	510-780	-	-	≥14	-	-	-	-
Bars hot rolled and forged according to GOST 5949-75. Quenching in oil or air from 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling or oil
	600-700	≥635	≥830	≥10	-	-	≥50	≥588	-	-
	660-770	≥440	≥650	≥16	-	-	≥55	≥784	-	-
Bars hot rolled and forged at STP 26.260.484-2004. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation, air cooling
	660-770	≥450	≥660	≥16	-	-	≥55	≥784	-	-
	250-300	≥1200	≥1400	≥15	-	-	≥40	≥490	-	-
Contoured rods (g/K, x/K and x/t for steam turbine blades; x/a and x/t for coupling blades of steam turbines) according to GOST 19442-74. Annealing in air or in oil with 1000-1050 °C to + Leave in 660-770 °C, air cooling (specified strength)
	-	490-656	617-784	≥18	-	-	≥50	≥686	207-241	-
	-	686-882	833-980	≥15	-	-	≥50	-	255-302	-
Forming at OST 1 90176-75. Quenching in oil or in air from 1050 °C + Vacation at 600-700 °C, cooling in air or in oil
	-	≥638	≥834	≥10	-	-	≥50	≥588	241-341	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
d₄	Elongation after rupture
d	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
KCU	Toughness
HB	Brinell hardness number
HRC	Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical)

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	R, Mr. · m	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
0	218	86	7670	-	588	-	-
20	218	-	7670	23	588	-	-
100	214	84	7660	26	653	102	112
200	208	80	7630	26	730	112	117
300	200	78	7600	26	800	115	123
400	189	73	7570	26	884	119	127
500	181	69	7540	27	952	122	132
600	169	63	7510	26	1022	128	137
700	-	-	7480	26	1102	128	147
800	-	-	7450	27	-	128	-
900	-	-	-	28	-	-	155
1000	-	-	-	-	-	13	-
1100	-	-	-	-	-	-	159

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
G	Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity
a	The coefficient of linear expansion
С	Specific heat

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	Limited weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, submerged arc ADS, ARDS and CCC. Preheating and heat treatment are applied depending on the method of welding, type and purpose of the design.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости	Inclined.
The temperature of forging	Start - 1250 °C, the end - 850 °C. the cross Sections up to 150 mm are cooled in air, 150-400 mm are necessary low-temperature annealing, one hypothermia.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity	not sensitive.
Machinability	In the hardened and tempered condition with a NV 241 and blower SB=730 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=0,7 Kn b.St.=0,45. To improve the machinability and the hardness HB ≤ 240 of the workpiece is subjected to annealing at 740-780 °C for 1-3 h with air cooling.
Macrostructure and pollution	Macrostructure of steel shall be no traces of shrinkage, delamination, foreign inclusions.
Features of heat treatment	Steel products can be subjected to hardening, leave, annealing. The quenching and tempering of the products is done to achieve: a) maximum corrosion resistance; b) the specified level of mechanical properties. Hardening of steel products is carried out in oil with 1000-1050 °C. the holding Time at the heating for hardening to products with a wall thickness or diameter up to 10 mm - 20 min., above 10mm-20 min + 1 min per 1 mm maximum thickness. Weldment of steel 20X13 before heating for hardening is subjected to annealing at 700 °C, exposure for 1-2 h. Immediately after quenching (in order to avoid spontaneous cracking) products of martensitic steels must be subjected to the release. The maximum strength properties of the products acquired after the holidays according to the mode: heating up to 250-300 °C, exposure 1-3 h, air cooling. Maximum corrosion resistance and formability products acquired after the holidays according to the mode: heating up to 700-750 °With, exposure time - 20 min + 1 min per 1 mm maximum metal thickness, but not less than 40 min, cooling in oil. Softening heat treatment is annealing at 750-850 °C with cooling with the furnace to 500 °C. is Not allowed to make a vacation at 450-550 °C, Since this leads to a decrease in toughness. Workpiece to improve the mechanical workability is subjected to intermediate annealing at 600-760 °C for 2-4 h. Welded components and products of steel 20X13 for improving the corrosion resistance is subjected to annealing regime: heating to 700-750 °C, exposure - 1 h, air cooling. To obtain characteristic values of mechanical properties and hardness set ST CKBA 010 and to achieve maximum corrosion resistance, parts (workpiece) valves shall be subjected to hardening and tempering. The heating of the parts (workpieces) in the temperature range from 500 °C to 800 °C must be carried out at a speed of not more than 200 °C per hour. In the temperature range 750 - 800 °C it is necessary to give exposure to the full heating of the charge. Further heating to the quenching temperature produced by the furnace. For parts with thickness (diameter) up to 120 mm the rate of heating is not limited and aging at a temperature of from 750 °C to 800 °C is not possible. Parts included in friction and sealing shutter valves, can be subjected to surface hardening with heating by high frequency currents (HFC) with the aim of improving hardness while maintaining high mechanical properties in the core part. Surface hardening with heating HDTV applies to parts of thickness (diameter) of not less than 15 mm and is made only after a preliminary heat treatment improves the hardness to 36.5 HRC.