35KHM steel

Designation

Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic 35ХМ
Designation GOST Latin 35XM
Transliteration 35HM
By chemical elements 35CrMo

Description

35KHM steel is used: for the production of turbine components, shafts, gears, spindles, pins, bolts, nuts, flanges, wheels, tires, rods and other critical parts operating under conditions of high loads and velocities at temperatures up to 450−500 °C; to improve the production of various parts: shafts, axles, gears, brake bands of motors, flanges, housings plating, blades, compressor machines, levers, Cam followers; responsible welded structures, operating at alternating loads; for the manufacture of parts of valves by conducting the heat treatment.

Note

Structural steel high-quality chrome-molybdenum.

Standards

Name Code Standards
Sheets and strips В23 GOST 103-2006
Bars and shapes В32 GOST 1051-73, GOST 4543-71, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 14955-77, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-2252-2007, TU 14-1-5228-93, TU 14-136-367-2008
Bars and shapes В22 GOST 1133-71, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings В03 GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, TU 0306.018-80, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs В31 OST 3-1686-90, TU 14-1-4944-90
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals В04 ST ЦКБА 026-2005

Chemical composition

Standard C S P Mn Cr Si Ni Fe Cu V Ti Mo W
GOST 4543-71 0.32-0.4 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.4-0.7 0.8-1.1 0.17-0.37 ≤0.3 Rest ≤0.3 ≤0.05 ≤0.03 0.15-0.25 ≤0.2
Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 4543-71 the content in high-quality steel is regulated: P≤0,025%; S≤0.025%; Сu≤0.30%; in high-grade steel: P≤0,025%; S≤0.015%; Сu≤0.25%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm t отпуска, °C sT|s0,2, MPa σU, MPa d5, % y, % KCU, kJ/m2 HB, MPa HRC
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤120 600-630 590 785 15 50 686 235-277 -
Hardening + Vacation
≤40 - 1370 1570 12 38 - - 49-53
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
- 300 1390 1570 9 44 490 450 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample longitudinal
- - 430-480 580-690 7 16-23 - - -
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤200 640-660 490 685 15 45 588 212-248 -
Hardening + Vacation
500-800 - 345 590 12 33 390 174-217 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
- 400 1310 1410 10 50 590 400 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample longitudinal
- - 365 430 7 13-30 - - -
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤50 560-580 785-880 980 11 45 686 293-331 -
Hardening + Vacation
100-300 - 395 615 15 40 540 187-229 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
- 500 1080 1200 15 54 880 350 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
- - 420-510 610-710 17 54-61 - - -
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤80 560-600 640-785 785 13 42 588 229-286 -
Hardening + Vacation
300-500 - 395 615 13 35 490 187-229 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
- 600 840 930 19 63 1470 270 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
- - 390 550 17 64 - - -
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤30 200-220 1176-1274 1372 10 45 490 - 48.4-52.2
Hardening + Vacation
500-800 - 395 615 11 30 390 187-229 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
- 700 660 730 20 70 1960 220 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
- - 355 440 18 74 - - -
Quenching in oil from 850 °C + vacation at 560 °C, cooling in water or oil
≤25 - 835 930 12 45 765 - -
Hardening + Vacation
≤100 - 440 635 16 45 590 197-235 -
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
- - 335 400 18 75 - - -
Quenching in oil with 850-870 °C + vacation at 180-200 °C, air cooling
50-80 640 810 - - 40 579 260-322 -
Hardening + Vacation
100-300 - 440 635 14 40 540 197-235 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
- - 770 880 22 66 - - -
Quenching in oil with 850-870 °C + vacation at 560-620 °C, air cooling
80-120 - 590 780 - 40 579 229-285 -
Hardening + Vacation
300-500 - 440 635 13 35 490 197-235 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
- - 570 730 23 71 - - -
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
100-120 - 710 900 13 42 638 - -
Hardening + Vacation
≤100 - 490 655 16 45 590 212-248 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
- - 550 670 23 78 - - -
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
120-150 - 600 800 14 45 638 - -
Hardening + Vacation
100-300 - 490 655 13 40 540 212-248 -
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
- - 490 550 22 86 - - -
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
150-200 - 500 700 16 45 589 - -
Hardening + Vacation
≤100 - 590 735 14 45 590 235-277 -
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
- - 525 700 22 69 - - -
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
100 - 750 950 13 42 638 - -
Normalization
300-500 - 245 470 17 35 340 143-179 -
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
- - 420 650 26 75 - - -
Normalization
500-800 - 245 470 15 30 340 143-179 -
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
- - 400 540 24 80 - - -
Normalization
100-300 - 275 530 17 38 340 156-197 -
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
- - 385 470 25 84 - - -
Normalization
300-500 - 275 530 15 32 290 156-197 -
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
- - 360 670 22 55 - - -
Normalization
≤100 - 315 570 17 38 390 167-207 -
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
- - 300 650 26 75 - - -
Normalization
100-300 - 315 570 14 35 340 167-207 -
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
- - 270 550 27 81 - - -
Normalization
≤100 - 345 590 18 45 590 174-217 -
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
- - 265 480 29 85 - - -

Description mechanical marks

Name Description
sT|s0,2 Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σU Limit short-term strength
d5 Elongation after rupture
y The relative narrowing
KCU Toughness
HB Brinell hardness number
HRC Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical)

Physical characteristics

Temperature Е, HPa G, HPa r, kg/m3 l, W/(m · °C) R, Mr. · m a, 10-6 1/°C С, J/(kg · °C)
0 213 82 7820 - - - -
20 218 - 7820 - 328 - -
100 212 - 7800 41 360 123 462
200 206 - 7770 40 - 126 -
300 201 - 7740 39 425 133 462
400 191 - 7770 37 523 139 -
500 183 - 7660 - 628 144 -
600 - - 7630 - - 143 -
800 - - - - - 146 -

A description of the physical symbols

Name Description
Е The normal elasticity modulus
G Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r Density
l Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R UD. the resistivity

Technological properties

Name The value
Weldability limited weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, ADS submerged arc and gas protection, ARDS, ESW. Necessary preheating and subsequent heat treatment.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости tend not
The temperature of forging Start - 1260 °C, end - 800 °C. the cross Sections up to 100 mm are cooled in air, 101-300 mm - mulde.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity sensitive
Machinability In the hardened and tempered condition when NV 212-248 blower SB=660 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=0.8[101] b Kn.St.=0.72