Steel 40X (40ХА)

Designation

Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic 40Х
Designation GOST Latin 40X
Transliteration 40H
By chemical elements 40Cr
Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic 40ХА
Designation GOST Latin 40XA
Transliteration 40HA
By chemical elements 40Cr

Description

Steel 40KH is used: for the manufacture of hot rolled plates; axes, shafts, shaft-gears, pistons, rods, crankshaft and Cam shafts, rings, spindles, mandrels, spreader bars, gear rims, bolts, axles, bushings and other upgrade parts high strength; the parts of pipeline fittings from rolled steel; forged blanks and forgings (requires heat treatment: quenching in oil (or water in oil) and tempering in air or in oil); billet flywheels of diesel engines; solid-rolled rings for different purposes; of forgings of shafts of compressors and gas turbines (steel 40ХА); seamless drill pipes used in geological core drilling; blank discs of steam turbines with a working temperature up to 350 °C; billet shafts and solid-forged rotors of stationary and transport steam turbines; of pipes used in aircraft.

Note

Structural steel high-quality chrome.

Standards

Name Code Standards
Bars and shapes В32 GOST 1051-73, GOST 4543-71, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 10702-78, GOST 14955-77, GOST В 5160-89, OST 1 92049-76, TU 14-1-5414-2001, TU 3-1053-86, TU 108.11-927-87, TU 14-1-1237-75, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-1-2218-77, TU 14-1-2995-80, TU 14-1-3563-83, TU 14-1-5167-92, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-3011-80, TU 14-1-4032-85, TU 14-1-1271-75, TU 14-1-5228-93, TU 14-136-367-2008
Sheets and strips В33 GOST 1577-93, TU 14-1-1409-75, TU 14-1-1579-75, TU 14-1-2506-78, TU 14-1-4043-85, TU 14-1-4118-86, TU 14-1-5036-91, TU 14-1-4118-2004
Steel pipes and fittings to them В62 GOST 7909-56, GOST 8732-78, GOST 8734-75, GOST 9567-75, GOST 23270-89, GOST 24950-81, GOST 8733-87, GOST 8731-87, GOST Р 53383-2009, TU 14-3-1443-86, TU 14-3-439-76, TU 14-3-473-76, TU 14-3Р-51-2001, TU 14-3Р-50-2001, TU 14-3-1654-89
Sheets and strips В23 GOST 82-70, GOST 19903-74, GOST 103-2006, GOST 19903-90
Bars and shapes В22 GOST 8278-83, GOST 8281-80, GOST 8282-83, GOST 8283-93, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 9234-74, GOST 11474-76, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings В03 GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, TU 108-1028-81, TU 108-1029-81, TU НЗЛ 342-89, TU 0306.018-80, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs В31 OST 3-1686-90, TU 108.1154-84, TU 14-1-1672-76, TU 14-1-2022-77, TU 14-1-4944-90
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals В04 ST ЦКБА 026-2005

Chemical composition

Standard C S P Mn Cr Si Ni Fe Cu V Ti Mo W
TU 108-1029-81 0.36-0.44 ≤0.022 ≤0.025 0.5-0.8 0.8-1.1 ≤0.37 ≤0.25 Rest ≤0.25 - - - -
TU 14-1-4118-2004 0.36-0.44 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.5-0.8 0.8-1.1 0.17-0.37 ≤0.3 Rest ≤0.3 ≤0.05 ≤0.03 ≤0.15 ≤0.2
Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 4543-71, GOST 10702-78 and TU 14-1-4118-86, the chemical composition is given for steel grade 40X.
According to GOST 4543-71 the content in high-quality steel is regulated: P≤0,025%; S≤0.025%; Сu≤0.30%; in high-grade steel: P≤0,025%; S≤0.015%; Сu≤0.25%. In accordance with the order, the content of Si = 0.10-0.37% can be established.
TU NZL 342-89 chemical composition is given for steel grade 40XA.
According to TU 108-1028-81 and TU 108-1029-81 the chemical composition is given for steel grade 40ХА. In the workpieces, deviations in the content of the elements indicated in the table are allowed: carbon ± 0.010%, silicon + 0.030%.
In the manufacture of blanks with discs with hub heights from 450 to 650 mm, the content of phosphorus and sulfur in steel should not be more than 0.018% of each; for metal VDP and ELP, the deviation of manganese content +0.10% / - 0.15% is allowed. In the ESR steel, the sulfur content should not be more than 0.015%. When casting steel without evacuation, for the manufacture of disc blanks with a hub height of more than 300 mm, hydrogen content in the metal must be determined. The results of determination of the hydrogen content are not acceptance-delivery and, at the request of the consumer, are to be entered in the procurement certificate.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm t отпуска, °C sT|s0,2, MPa σU, MPa d5, % d4 d10 y, % KCU, kJ/m2 HB, MPa HRC
Steel calibrated and calibrated with special surface finish
- - - ≥690 ≥5 - - ≥40 - - -
- - - - - - - - - ≤207 -
- - - - - - - - - ≤207 -
Forgings. Hardening + Vacation
500-800 - ≥275 ≥530 ≥13 - - ≥30 ≥290 156-197 -
300-500 - ≥315 ≥570 ≥12 - - ≥30 ≥290 167-207 -
500-800 - ≥315 ≥570 ≥11 - - ≥30 ≥290 167-207 -
300-500 - ≥345 ≥590 ≥14 - - ≥38 ≥490 174-217 -
100-300 - ≥395 ≥615 ≥15 - - ≥40 ≥540 187-229 -
300-500 - ≥395 ≥615 ≥13 - - ≥35 ≥490 187-229 -
100 - ≥395 ≥615 ≥17 - - ≥45 ≥590 187-229 -
100-300 - ≥440 ≥635 ≥14 - - ≥40 ≥540 197-235 -
100 - ≥440 ≥635 ≥16 - - ≥45 ≥590 197-235 -
100-300 - ≥490 ≥655 ≥13 - - ≥40 ≥540 212-248 -
100 - ≥490 ≥655 ≥16 - - ≥45 ≥590 212-248 -
Forgings. Normalization
500-800 - ≥245 ≥470 ≥15 - - ≥30 ≥340 143-179 -
300-500 - ≥275 ≥530 ≥15 - - ≥32 ≥290 156-197 -
100-300 - ≥315 ≥570 ≥14 - - ≥35 ≥340 167-207 -
100 - ≥315 ≥570 ≥17 - - ≥38 ≥390 167-207 -
100-300 - ≥345 ≥590 ≥17 - - ≥40 ≥540 174-217 -
100 - ≥345 ≥590 ≥18 - - ≥45 ≥590 174-217 -
Forged billet shafts of compressors and gas turbines, heat-treated in the delivery condition on the other NZL 342-89 (longitudinal samples, in the column of the delivery condition specified strength)
≤500 - ≥343 ≥568 ≥17 - - ≥35 ≥441 - -
Seamless hot deformed tubes in the delivery condition
- - ≥657 ≥9 - - - - ≤269 -
Forgings. Quenching in oil or water from 840-860 °C + Vacation at 580-650 °C, cooling in water or air
101-200 - ≥490 ≥655 ≥15 - - ≥45 ≥590 212-248 -
Hot-rolled steel and hot rolled with special surface heat-treated
- - - - - - - - ≤179 -
Forgings. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation
- 200 ≥1560 ≥1760 ≥8 - - ≥35 ≥290 - -
Billet shafts and rotors of steam turbines on the other 108-1029-81 (in the delivery condition specified strength and direction and place the cuttings sample)
- - ≥343 ≥569 ≥17 - - - ≥390 - -
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥140 ≥175 ≥33 - - ≥78 - - -
Forgings. Quenching in oil or water from 840-860 °C + Vacation at 580-650 °C, cooling in water or air
201-300 - ≥440 ≥635 ≥14 - - ≥40 ≥540 197-235 -
Forgings. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation
- 300 ≥1390 ≥1610 ≥8 - - ≥35 ≥200 - -
Billet shafts and rotors of steam turbines on the other 108-1029-81 (in the delivery condition specified strength and direction and place the cuttings sample)
- - ≥324 ≥540 ≥13 - - - ≥390 - -
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥54 ≥98 ≥59 - - ≥98 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
120 600-620 ≥490 ≥655 ≥13 - - ≥40 ≥490 212-248 -
Forgings. Quenching in oil or water from 840-860 °C + Vacation at 580-650 °C, cooling in water or air
301-500 - ≥345 ≥590 ≥14 - - ≥38 ≥490 174-217 -
Forgings. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation
- 400 ≥1180 ≥1320 ≥9 - - ≥40 ≥490 - -
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥41 ≥69 ≥65 - - ≥100 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
200 620-660 ≥440 ≥635 ≥14 - - ≥40 ≥539 197-235 -
Forgings. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation
- 500 ≥910 ≥1150 ≥11 - - ≥49 ≥690 - -
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥24 ≥43 ≥68 - - ≥100 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
25 130-200 ≥1274 ≥1470 ≥7 - - ≥25 ≥294 - 46.4-53.1
Forgings. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation
- 600 ≥720 ≥860 ≥14 - - ≥60 ≥1470 - -
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥11 ≥26 ≥68 - - ≥100 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
30 400-420 ≥880 ≥1078 ≥7 - - ≥35 ≥392 - 36.7-43.5
A sample with diameter 10 mm, length 50 mm forged and annealed. The rate of deformation of 5 mm/min strain rate of 0.002 1/s
- - ≥11 ≥24 ≥70 - - ≥100 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
30 500-560 ≥785 ≥930 ≥12 - - ≥40 ≥588 293-331 -
Forgings. Hardened in oil from 830 °C to + Vacation at 550 °C
- - ≥700 ≥880 ≥15 - - ≥42 ≥1180 - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
50 560-580 ≥685 ≥835 ≥13 - - ≥42 ≥588 262-311 -
Forgings. Hardened in oil from 830 °C to + Vacation at 550 °C
- - ≥680 ≥870 ≥17 - - ≥58 - - -
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 026-2005. Quenching in oil (or water in oil) from 840-870 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling or oil
80 580-600 ≥540 ≥685 ≥15 - - ≥45 ≥588 223-262 -
Forgings. Hardened in oil from 830 °C to + Vacation at 550 °C
- - ≥610 ≥690 ≥18 - - ≥68 ≥980 - -
Of the workpiece. Quenching in oil from 860 °C to + Leave at 500 °C, cooling in water
- ≥320 ≥570 ≥17 - - ≥35 ≥400 - -
Forgings. Hardened in oil from 830 °C to + Vacation at 550 °C
- - ≥430 ≥490 ≥21 - - ≥80 ≥780 - -
Of the workpiece. Quenching in oil from 860 °C to + Leave at 500 °C, cooling in water
≤25 - ≥785 ≥980 ≥10 - - ≥45 ≥590 - -
28-55 - ≥800 ≥940 ≥13 - - ≥55 ≥850 - -
Forged blanks of disks of steam turbines on the other 108-1028-81 (in the delivery condition specified strength; in cross-section, if regulated, see the recommended height of the hub)
- - 314-540 ≥559 ≥17 - - ≥40 ≥390 - -
- - 392-589 ≥589 ≥17 - - ≥40 ≥390 - -
Ring forged in OST 1 92049-76. Quenching in oil with 845-875 °C + Vacation at 450-550 °C, cooling in water or oil
25 - ≥745 ≥930 ≥7.5 - - ≥36 ≥441 - -
Flats on the other 14-1-4118-2004
- - 590-780 - ≥10 ≥12 - - - -
Seamless cold-worked tubes in the delivery condition heat-treated (NV - wall > 10 mm)
- - ≥618 ≥14 - - - - ≤217 -

Description mechanical marks

Name Description
sT|s0,2 Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σU Limit short-term strength
d5 Elongation after rupture
d4 Elongation after rupture
d10 Elongation after rupture
y The relative narrowing
KCU Toughness
HB Brinell hardness number
HRC Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical)

Physical characteristics

Temperature Е, HPa G, HPa r, kg/m3 l, W/(m · °C) R, Mr. · m a, 10-6 1/°C С, J/(kg · °C)
0 214 85 7850 41 278 - -
20 214 - 7820 - 210 - -
100 211 83 7800 40 324 118 466
200 206 81 7800 38 405 122 508
300 203 78 7740 36 555 132 529
400 185 71 7700 34 717 137 563
500 176 68 7650 33 880 141 592
600 164 63 7630 31 1100 146 622
700 143 55 7590 30 1330 146 634
800 132 50 7610 27 1100 148 634
900 - - 7560 267 1140 - -
1000 - - 7510 28 1170 12 664
1100 - - 7470 288 120 - -
1200 - - 7430 - 1230 - -

A description of the physical symbols

Name Description
Е The normal elasticity modulus
G Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r Density
l Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R UD. the resistivity
a The coefficient of linear expansion

Technological properties

Name The value
Weldability Difficult weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, ESW. Necessary preheating and subsequent heat treatment. CCC - a necessary subsequent heat treatment.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости Inclined.
The temperature of forging Start - 1250 °C, the end - of 800 °C. the cross Sections up to 350 mm cooled in air.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity Sensitive.